Rafa? Rogulski studied cultural and political science at the Universities of Wroc?aw and Marburg, and participated in the executive MBA programme at the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. He was an assistant and then an advisor to Professor W?adys?aw Bartoszewski, first at the Polish Robert Schuman Foundation and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1998-2001), and later at the Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland (2008-12). From 2001 to 2005 he was secretary of the culture department at the Polish Embassy in Berlin. In the late 1990s Rafa? worked as a journalist for the daily ?ycie (Life) and the bimonthly journal Europa. In 2010, Ministers Tomasz Merta and Andrzej Przewo?nik entrusted him with the creation and management of the ENRS Secretariat, which in 2015 became the Institute of European Network Remembrance and Solidarity.