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Deborah Archer
NYU School of Law & ACLU
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Peace & Justice Opinion

The Next Ten Years: Reclaiming Democracy From the Ground Up

Salzburg Global Fellow Deborah Archer challenges us to confront the root causes of today's divisions and democratic crisis in the U.S.

Published date
Written by
Deborah Archer
NYU School of Law & ACLU
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The United States Capitol building silhouette on background of sky at sunset with flying birds in Washington DC, USA.

Photo Credit: Shutterstock.com/2558060871

Key takeaways

  • America's democratic crisis stems from interconnected challenges: rising authoritarianism, deepening racial inequality, and systemic disinvestment in public infrastructure, among others.
  • The “quiet dismantling of the federal civil rights infrastructure” has left complaints unresolved, stripped communities of oversight, and removed pathways to justice.
  • The next decade will determine whether America becomes a true multiracial democracy or “something far less just and far more dangerous.”

This article was written by Salzburg Global Fellow Deborah Archer, who attended the Salzburg Global American Studies program on “What Next for the U.S.? What Next for America in the World?” in September 2025.

The views expressed here belong to this Fellow individually and should not be taken to represent those of any organizations to which they are affiliated.

Democracy at an Inflection Point

The true test of democracy is whether it can deliver dignity, safety, and opportunity to those pushed to the margins. That test will define the next ten years - and beyond - for the United States. The country is at an inflection point, once again. We are living through a profound crisis of democracy, not simply because of polarization, but because the very foundations of inclusive governance, the rule of law, and shared belonging are under sustained attack.

Over the coming decade, the most pressing domestic challenge will be whether we can restore and reimagine our democratic institutions to reflect the full diversity and dignity of the American people. That means confronting rising authoritarianism, deepening racial inequality, and systemic disinvestment in public infrastructure - issues that are not separate, but inextricably linked. And it requires a new social contract grounded not in fear or exclusion, but in justice and equity.

Societal Cleavages

The cleavages in our society today are not simply ideological. They are structural, racialized, and often intentionally engineered. Voter suppression laws target Black and Brown communities under the guise of election security. Efforts to ban the teaching of history, censor discussion of race and gender, and dismantle DEI initiatives seek to erase hard-won narratives of inclusion and progress. Access to clean air, healthy food, safe housing, reproductive health care, and public education are increasingly determined by ZIP code and income - not citizenship or humanity.

This is not just polarization. It is a coordinated retrenchment of the civil rights progress made over generations.

The Dismantling of Civil Rights Infrastructure

At the same time, we face a federal judiciary increasingly aligned with minority rule - one that is skeptical of government’s role in promoting equity, subservient to executive authority, hostile to regulatory authority, and willing to strip constitutional protections from the most vulnerable. From voting rights to bodily autonomy, the courts are being wielded as tools to constrain democracy rather than protect it.

And compounding this threat is the quiet dismantling of the federal civil rights infrastructure - an underreported but devastating development. Agencies like the Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and the Department of Housing and Urban Development once served as frontline institutions for civil rights enforcement. Today, they are underfunded, understaffed, and increasingly politicized. The weakening of these institutions has left thousands of civil rights complaints unresolved, stripped communities of vital oversight, and removed critical pathways to justice for those who cannot access or afford the courts. The erosion of this administrative backbone represents not just bureaucratic decline - it is a withdrawal of the federal government from its responsibility to protect rights and enforce equality. And in that vacuum, discrimination festers unchecked.

The Next Ten Years

And yet, despite this bleak reality, I remain hopeful. History teaches us that crisis can be clarifying. It can reveal what is broken - and what must be built.

Today’s fight is not merely about policy disagreements. It is about whose voices count, whose pain is legible, and whose future this nation is willing to protect. It is about whether we will be a multiracial democracy, or something far less just and far more dangerous. And that choice will not be made in the abstract. It will be made in city council meetings, state legislatures, classrooms, and courtrooms - through the daily work of civic engagement, organizing, lawmaking, and resistance.

To resolve today’s divisions, we cannot paper over them.

We must confront the root causes: centuries of racial capitalism, white supremacy, and patriarchal governance that have excluded too many from the promises of democracy.

We must stop treating racism and inequality as unfortunate relics of the past and instead name them as ongoing systems of control and dispossession.

We must also recommit to the principle that democracy is not self-executing. It must be actively cultivated and protected, especially for those whose rights have always been most precarious.

If the United States hopes to retain moral authority on the global stage, we must confront our own democratic backsliding. We cannot defend freedom abroad while criminalizing protest and dissent at home. We cannot call for international human rights while banning books, undermining elections, and denying health care to entire communities.

The next ten years will determine whether the moral arc of the United States will bend once again toward justice - or break entirely. The question is not whether we face division. The question is whether we meet it with denial or with a deeper democracy worthy of the constitutional promises we make and the people it serves.

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Peace & Justice
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Deborah Archer

Deborah Archer is the president of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), the first person of color to serve in that role in the organization's history, and a nationally recognized expert on civil liberties, civil rights, and racial justice. She is also the Margaret B. Hoppin Professor of Law and faculty director of the Community Equity Initiative at New York University School of Law. Deborah is an award-winning teacher and legal scholar whose articles have appeared in leading law reviews and national publications, and she has offered commentary for national and international media. Prior to fulltime teaching, Deborah worked as an attorney with the ACLU and the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., where she litigated in the areas of voting rights, employment discrimination, educational equity, and school desegregation. Deborah previously served as chair of the New York City Civilian Complaint Review Board, the nation's oldest and largest police oversight agency. She currently serves as a Trustee of Smith College and received the Smith College Medal the highest honor the college awards to an alum. Deborah is also the author of the best-selling book Dividing Lines: How Transportation Infrastructure Reinforces Racial Inequality and an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Law Institute. Deborah is a graduate of Yale Law School and Smith College.

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